How do you prevent klinefelter syndrome

When adult men have breasts, they are at higher risk for breast cancer than other men and need to be checked for this condition regularly. The mastectomy lowers the risk of cancer and can reduce the social stress associated with XXY males having enlarged breasts. Because it is a surgical procedure, mastectomy carries a variety of risks. XXY males who are thinking about mastectomy should discuss all the risks and benefits with their health care provider.

Advances in assistive reproductive technology ART have made it possible for some men with KS to conceive. For this procedure, a surgeon removes sperm from the testes and places one sperm into an egg. For instance, it is possible that the resulting child might have the XXY condition. In addition, the procedure is expensive and is often is not covered by health insurance plans.

Importantly, there is no guarantee the procedure will work. Recent studies suggest that collecting sperm from adolescent XXY males and freezing the sperm until later might result in more pregnancies during subsequent fertility treatments. Some, but not all, children with KS have language development and learning delays.

They might be slow to learn to talk, read, and write, and they might have difficulty processing what they hear. But various interventions, such as speech therapy and educational assistance, can help to reduce and even eliminate these difficulties.

The earlier treatment begins, the better the outcomes. Parents might need to bring these types of problems to the teacher's attention. Because these boys can be quiet and cooperative in the classroom, teachers may not notice the need for help. Boys and men with KS can benefit by visiting therapists who are experts in areas such as coordination, social skills, and coping.

XXY males might benefit from any or all of the following:. Parents of XXY males have also mentioned that taking part in physical activities at low-key levels , such as karate, swimming, tennis, and golf, were helpful in improving motor skills, coordination, and confidence. With regard to education, some boys with KS will qualify to receive state-sponsored special needs services to address their developmental and learning symptoms. But, because these symptoms may be mild, many XXY males will not be eligible for these services.

Families can contact a local school district official or special education coordinator to learn more about whether XXY males can receive the following free services:.

Many of the professionals and methods for treating learning and language symptoms of the XXY condition are similar to or the same as the ones used to address social and behavioral symptoms.

For instance, boys with KS may need help with social skills and interacting in groups. Occupational or behavioral therapists might be able to assist with these skills.

Some school districts and health centers might also offer these types of skill-building programs or classes. In adolescence, symptoms such as lack of body hair could make XXY males uncomfortable in school or other social settings, and this discomfort can lead to depression, substance abuse, and behavioral problems or "acting out. Contrary to research results released decades ago, current research shows that XXY males are no more likely than other males to have serious psychiatric disorders or to get into trouble with the law.

Socially, they tend to have quiet personalities. They rarely cause trouble and are often more helpful and thoughtful than other boys. They're often shy and sensitive, and many are less self-confident and less active than other boys their age. Most boys aren't likely to have major health problems, but the condition can bring some other challenges later in life. Klinefelter syndrome puts males at greater risk of breast cancer, some other cancers , and some other diseases like type 2 diabetes, varicose veins and problems with blood vessels, problems with sexual function, and osteoporosis weak bones later in life.

Most boys with Klinefelter syndrome can have sex when they become men, usually with the help of testosterone treatment. But problems with their testicles prevent them from making enough normal sperm to father children.

Most men with the condition are infertile and can't father a child the usual way. Options for becoming natural parents are limited, but fertility researchers are working on new treatments. By the time someone with Klinefelter syndrome is ready to become a dad, there may be new options available related to saving sperm from the testicles. Since Klinefelter syndrome can be hard to notice, many parents don't know their son has it until he grows up or shows delays in puberty.

Sometimes, parents who are worried about their son's development consult a doctor, and the diagnosis reveals Klinefelter syndrome. This can help, because the earlier a boy is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome, the more effective the treatments usually are. To diagnose Klinefelter syndrome, doctors usually begin by asking about any learning or behavior issues and examining the boy's testicles and body proportions.

They'll check a blood sample for the extra X chromosome. Before birth, the condition may be found through chromosomal analysis or noninvasive prenatal testing NIPT. NIPT is done on the fluid surrounding the fetus, tissue from the placenta, or the blood from the mother. After birth, doctors can make a diagnosis with a chromosome karyotype test or microarray test from the baby. Doctors also can do hormone testing, usually by taking a blood sample to check for unusual hormone levels.

There's no way to change the XXY condition if a boy is born with it, but treatments can help relieve some symptoms.

As with many conditions, beginning treatment early can make it much more effective. Testosterone replacement therapy TRT works by increasing a boy's testosterone levels into the normal range.

Additional testosterone can help a boy with Klinefelter syndrome develop bigger muscles and a deeper voice, as well as promote growth of the penis and facial and body hair. It can also help improve bone density and reduce the growth of a boy's breasts. Testosterone therapy cannot increase the size of a boy's testicles or prevent or reverse infertility, though. This chromosome carries extra copies of genes, which interfere with the development of the testicles and mean they produce less testosterone male sex hormone than usual.

The extra genetic information may either be carried in every cell in the body or it may only affect some cells known as mosaic Klinefelter syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome is not directly inherited — the additional X chromosome occurs as a result of either the mother's egg or the father's sperm having the extra X chromosome an equal chance of this happening in either , so after conception the chromosome pattern is XXY rather than XY.

This change in the egg or sperm seems to happen randomly. If you have a son with the condition, the chances of this happening again are very small. But the risk of a woman having a son with Klinefelter syndrome may be slightly higher if the mother is over 35 years of age.

See your GP if you have concerns about your son's development or you notice any troubling symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome in yourself or your son. Klinefelter syndrome is not necessarily anything serious, but treatment can help reduce some of the symptoms if necessary. Your GP may suspect Klinefelter syndrome after a physical examination and may suggest sending off a sample of blood to check reproductive hormone levels.

The diagnosis can be confirmed by checking a sample of blood for the presence of the extra X chromosome. There's no cure for Klinefelter syndrome, but some of the problems associated with the condition can be treated if necessary.

TRT involves taking medicines containing testosterone. It can be taken in the form of gels or tablets in teenagers, or given as gel or injections in adult men. TRT may be considered once puberty begins and may help with the development of a deep voice, facial and body hair, an increase in muscle mass, reduction in body fat, and improvement in energy.